About the Authors

Achraf Ammar

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft

ammar1.achraf@ovgu.de

Affiliations Institute of Sport Science, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany, Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning, UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre University, Nanterre, France

Patrick Mueller

Roles Investigation, Writing – original draft

Affiliations Research Group Neuroprotection, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany, Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany

Khaled Trabelsi

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia, Research Laboratory: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, EM2S, LR19JS01, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia

Hamdi Chtourou

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia, Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia

Omar Boukhris

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia, Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia

Liwa Masmoudi

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation

Affiliation High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia

Bassem Bouaziz

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis

Affiliation Higher Institute of Computer Science and Multimedia of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia

Michael Brach

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, Münster, Germany

Marlen Schmicker

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Research Group Neuroprotection, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany

Ellen Bentlage

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, Münster, Germany

Daniella How

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, Münster, Germany

Mona Ahmed

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, Münster, Germany

Asma Aloui

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, University of Gafsa, Gafsa, Tunisia

Omar Hammouda

Roles Investigation

Affiliations High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia, Research Laboratory, Molecular Bases of Human Pathology, LR12ES17, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia

Laisa Liane Paineiras-Domingos

Roles Investigation

Affiliations Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Faculdade Bezerra de Araújo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Annemarie Braakman-jansen

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Department of Psychology, Health & Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands

Christian Wrede

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Department of Psychology, Health & Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands

Sophia Bastoni

Roles Investigation

Affiliations Department of Psychology, Health & Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands, Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milano, Italy

Carlos Soares Pernambuco

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Estácio de Sá University, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

Leonardo Jose Mataruna-Dos-Santos

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Faculty of Management, Sport Management Department, Canadian University of Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates

Morteza Taheri

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Faculty of Social Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran

Khadijeh Irandoust

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Faculty of Social Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran

Aïmen Khacharem

Roles Investigation

Affiliation UVHC, DeVisu, Valenciennes; LIRTES-EA 7313. Université Paris Est Créteil Val de Marne, Créteil, France

Nicola L. Bragazzi

Roles Investigation

Affiliations Department of Health Sciences, Postgraduate School of Public Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada

Jad Adrian Washif

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Sports Performance Division, National Sports Institute of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Jordan M. Glenn

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States of America

Nicholas T. Bott

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Clinical Excellence Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America

Faiez Gargouri

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Higher Institute of Computer Science and Multimedia of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia

Lotfi Chaari

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Computer Science Department, University of Toulouse, IRIT-INP-ENSEEIHT, Toulouse, France

Hadj Batatia

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Computer Science Department, University of Toulouse, IRIT-INP-ENSEEIHT, Toulouse, France

Samira C. khoshnami

Roles Investigation

Affiliation UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre University, Nanterre, France

Evangelia Samara

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece

Vasiliki Zisi

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece

Parasanth Sankar

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Consultant in Internal Medicine and Diabetes, MGM Muthoot Hospitals Pathanamthitta, Pathanamthitta, Kerala, India

Waseem N. Ahmed

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Consultant Family Physician, CRAFT Hospital and Research Centre, Kodungallur, Kerala, India

Gamal Mohamed Ali

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Faculty of Physical Education, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt

Osama Abdelkarim

Roles Investigation

Affiliations Faculty of Physical Education, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt, Institute for Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Karlsruher, Germany

Mohamed Jarraya

Roles Investigation

Affiliation High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia

Kais El Abed

Roles Investigation

Affiliation High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia

Mohamed Romdhani

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia

Nizar Souissi

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Physical Activity, Sport, and Health, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia

Lisette Van Gemert-Pijnen

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Department of Psychology, Health & Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands

Stephen J. Bailey

Roles Investigation

Affiliation School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom

Wassim Moalla

Roles Investigation

Affiliation High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia

Jonathan Gómez-Raja

Roles Investigation

Affiliation FundeSalud, Dept. of Health and Social Services, Government of Extremadura, Merida, Spain

Monique Epstein

Roles Investigation

Affiliation The E-Senior Association, Paris, France

Robbert Sanderman

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Department of Health Psychology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

Sebastian Schulz

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Sports- and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany

Achim Jerg

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Sports- and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany

Ramzi Al-Horani

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Department of Exercise Science, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan

Taysir Mansi

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Faculty of Physical Education, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan

Mohamed Jmail

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Digital Research Centre of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia

Fernando Barbosa

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

Fernando Ferreira-Santos

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

Boštjan Šimunič

Roles Data curation, Investigation

Affiliation Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Koper, Slovenia

Rado Pišot

Roles Data curation, Investigation

Affiliation Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper, Koper, Slovenia

Andrea Gaggioli

Roles Investigation

Affiliations Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy, I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy

Piotr Zmijewski

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland

Jürgen M. Steinacker

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Sports- and Rehabilitation Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany

Jana Strahler

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Psychology and Sport Science, University of Gießen, Gießen, Germany

Laurel Riemann

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation PharmD, BCBS; PharmIAD, Inc, Savannah, GA, United States of America

Bryan L. Riemann

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Health Sciences and Kinesiology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, United States of America

Notger Mueller

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Research Group Neuroprotection, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany, Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany

Karim Chamari

Contributed equally to this work with: Karim Chamari, Tarak Driss, Anita Hoekelmann

Roles Investigation, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations ASPETAR, Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar, Laboratory ''Sport Performance Optimization'', ISSEP Ksar-Said, Manouba University, Manouba, Tunisia

Tarak Driss

Contributed equally to this work with: Karim Chamari, Tarak Driss, Anita Hoekelmann

Roles Investigation, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning, UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre University, Nanterre, France

Anita Hoekelmann

Contributed equally to this work with: Karim Chamari, Tarak Driss, Anita Hoekelmann

Roles Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Institute of Sport Science, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany

for the ECLB-COVID19 Consortium

Membership of the ECLB-COVID19 Consortium is listed in the Acknowledgments.

Competing Interests

All authors have completed the Unified Competing Interest form (available on request from the corresponding author). Authors except Laura Riemann declare: no support from any organisation for the submitted work; no financial relationships with any organisations that might have an interest in the submitted work in the previous three years, no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. Laura Riemann declare to have a commercial affiliation “PharmIAD, Inc, Savannah, GA, USA”. This funder provided support in the form of salaries for Laurel Riemann, but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The specific roles of this author are articulated in the ‘author contributions’ section. This commercial affiliation does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.