About the Authors

Joshua Auger

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft

Affiliation School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America

Justin Markel

Roles Investigation, Methodology

Affiliation School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America

Dimitri D. Pecoski

Roles Investigation, Methodology

Affiliation Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America

Nicolas Leiva-Molano

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America

Thomas M. Talavage

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America

Larry Leverenz

Roles Conceptualization, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America

Francis Shen

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation University of Minnesota Law School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America

Eric A. Nauman

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Validation, Writing – review & editing

enauman@purdue.edu

Affiliations School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America

Competing Interests

Two of the footballs tested in this study were donated by EIR Soccer. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.