About the Authors

Marc A. Masen

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

m.masen@imperial.ac.uk

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Aaron Chung

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Joanna U. Dawczyk

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Zach Dunning

Roles Methodology, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom

Lydia Edwards

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Christopher Guyott

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Thomas A. G. Hall

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Rachel C. Januszewski

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Shaoli Jiang

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China

Rikeen D. Jobanputra

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Kabelan J. Karunaseelan

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Nikolaos Kalogeropoulos

Roles Methodology, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Maria R. Lima

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

C. Sebastian Mancero Castillo

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Idris K. Mohammed

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Manoj Murali

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Filip P. Paszkiewicz

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Magdalena Plotczyk

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Catalin I. Pruncu

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Euan Rodgers

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Felix Russell

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Richard Silversides

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Jennifer C. Stoddart

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Zhengchu Tan

Roles Conceptualization, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

David Uribe

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Kian K. Yap

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Xue Zhou

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China

Ravi Vaidyanathan

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors declare no conflict of interest. All substances tested were obtained through normal commercial channels, except for some dressings, where the supplier provided a free trial version on their website, and one of the waxes, which was only available in the USA and was delivered to the investigators upon request. The investigators paid for the product, shipping and handling. The corresponding author had full access to data in the study and had final responsibility for the decision to submit for publication. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.