About the Authors

Nadera Ahmadzai

Roles Data curation, Methodology, Resources, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa, Canada

Wei Cheng

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa, Canada

Shaun Kilty

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa, Canada, Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada, Dr. S. Kilty Medicine Prof. Corp, Ottawa, Canada

Leila Esmaeilisaraji

Roles Data curation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa, Canada

Dianna Wolfe

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa, Canada

James Bonaparte

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada

David Schramm

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa, Canada, Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada

Elizabeth Fitzpatrick

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations The University of Ottawa Faculty of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Ottawa, Canada, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada

Vincent Lin

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada, Department of Otolaryngology – Head & Neck Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Canada

Becky Skidmore

Roles Data curation, Methodology, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa, Canada

Brian Hutton

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

bhutton@ohri.ca

Affiliations Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa, Canada, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

Competing Interests

We have read the journal's policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: BH has received consultancy fees from Eversana (previously Cornerstone Research Group) for methodologic advice related to systematic reviews and meta-analysis. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. The remaining authors declare that they have no competing interests.