About the Authors

Barry R. Nobert

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Software, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Caribou Program, fRI Research, Hinton, Alberta, Canada, Alberta Environment and Parks, Grande Prairie, Alberta, Canada

Terrence A. Larsen

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Grizzly Bear Program, fRI Research, Hinton, Alberta, Canada

Karine E. Pigeon

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Caribou Program, fRI Research, Hinton, Alberta, Canada, Geomatics and Landscape Ecology Research Lab, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Laura Finnegan

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

lfinnegan@friresearch.ca

Affiliation Caribou Program, fRI Research, Hinton, Alberta, Canada

Competing Interests

The full list of fRI Research partners and funders are: Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute, Alberta Conservation Association, Alberta Energy Regulator, Alberta Environment and Parks, Alberta Fish and Game Association, Alberta Institute of Agrologists, Alberta Innovates, Alberta Newsprint Company, Alberta-Pacific Forest Industries Inc., Alberta Professional Planners Institute, Alberta Riparian Habitat Management Society, Apache Canada Ltd., Arctos Ecological Consulting, Aseniwuche Winewak Nation of Canada, Athabasca Watershed Council, Bandaloop Landscape-Ecosystem Services, Battle River Watershed Alliance, BC Oil and Gas Commission, BC Oil and Gas Research and Innovation Society, Beaver River Watershed Alliance, Borealis Ecology Wildlife Research, Bow River Basin Council, Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers, Canadian Boreal Forest Agreement, Canadian Institute of Forestry, Canadian International Oil Corp., Canadian Natural Resources Limited, Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative, Canfor Corporation, Cenovus Energy Inc., City of Grande Prairie, ConocoPhillips Canada, Cumulative Environmental Management Association, Daishowa-Marubeni International Ltd., Devon Energy Corporation, Ducks Unlimited Canada, Encana Corporation, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Explorers and Producers Association of Canada, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Followit Sweden, Foothills Forest Products, FORCORP, Forest Resource Improvement Association of Alberta (FRIAA), Forest Stewardship Council, Forsite Consultants Ltd., Fuse Consulting Ltd., Golder Associates, Government of British Columbia (Ministry of Environment; Ministry of Forests, Lands, and Natural Resource Operations), Government of Northwest Territories (Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources), Government of Saskatchewan (Ministry of Environment), Grande Cache Tourism and Interpretative Centre, Hinton and District Chamber of Commerce, Husky Energy Inc., Inside Education, Integrated Ecological Research, Jasper-Yellowhead Museum & Archives, Joss Wind Power Inc., Lesser Slave Watershed Council, Louisiana-Pacific Corporation, Mighty Peace Watershed Alliance, Millar Western Forest Products Ltd., Mistik Management Ltd., Mitacs, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Norbord Inc., North Saskatchewan Watershed Alliance, Northern Rockies Museum of Culture and Heritage, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Oldman Watershed Council, Paramount Resources Ltd., Parks Canada, Pembina Pipeline Corporation, Peregrine Helicopters, Peter J. Murphy Forest Consulting Ltd., Petroleum Technology Alliance Canada, Red Deer River Watershed Alliance, Repsol Oil and Gas Inc., Scandinavian Brown Bear Research Project, Seven Generations Energy Ltd., Shell Canada Ltd., South East Alberta Watershed Alliance, Spray Lake Sawmills, St’at’imc Government Services, Suncor Energy Inc., Sustainable Forestry Initiative, TAQA North Ltd., Teck Resources Ltd., TerrainWorks, Timberworks Inc., Tolko Industries Ltd., Tom Peterson, Toronto Zoo, Tourmaline Oil Corp., Town of Hinton, TransCanada Corporation, Trout Unlimited Canada, United States Department of Agriculture (United States Forest Service), University of Alberta, University of British Columbia, University of Calgary, Université Laval, University of Oslo, University of Saskatchewan, University of Victoria, Washington State University, Vanderwell Contractors (1971) Ltd., West Fraser Mills Ltd., Westmoreland Coal Company, Weyerhaeuser Company, Wild Year Productions Ltd., Woodlands Operations Learning Foundation, XTO Energy Inc., Yellowhead County, Yellowstone to Yukon Conservation Initiative. Authors TL and LF are employed by fRI Research – a non-profit. fRI Research did not play a role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript and only provided financial support in the form of authors’ salaries and/or research materials. Author BN was employed by fRI Research at the time of data analysis and preparation of the draft manuscript and is currently employed by Alberta Environment and Parks. Alberta Environment and Parks and fRI Research did not play a role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Author KEP was employed by fRI Research at the time of data collection, analysis, and preparation of the draft manuscript and is currently employed by Carelton University. Carelton University and fRI Research did not play a role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The authors past and current employers did not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.