About the Authors

Lisa Ngu

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States of America

Jenifer N. Winters

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States of America

Kien Nguyen

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Visualization

Affiliation Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States of America

Kevin E. Ramos

Roles Investigation, Validation

Current address: Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America

Affiliation Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States of America

Nicholas A. DeLateur

Roles Investigation, Validation

Current address: Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States of America

Affiliation Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States of America

Lee Makowski

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Project administration, Software, Supervision

Affiliations Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States of America, Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States of America

Paul C. Whitford

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States of America

Mary Jo Ondrechen

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

mjo@neu.edu (MJO); p.beuning@neu.edu (PJB)

Affiliation Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States of America

Penny J. Beuning

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

mjo@neu.edu (MJO); p.beuning@neu.edu (PJB)

Affiliation Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.