About the Authors

Daniela K. Schlüter

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations CHICAS, Lancaster Medical School, Lancaster University, Lancaster, England, United Kingdom, Institute of Population Health Science, Liverpool University, Liverpool, England, United Kingdom

Lucy Spain

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, England, United Kingdom, Institute of Science, Natural Resources and Outdoor Studies, University of Cumbria, Carlisle, England, United Kingdom

Wei Quan

Roles Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Applied Digital Signal and Image Processing Research Centre, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, England, United Kingdom

Harry Southworth

Roles Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Data Clarity Consulting Ltd, Altrincham, England, United Kingdom

Nicola Platt

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Lancaster Health Hub, Lancaster University, Lancaster, England, United Kingdom

Joe Mercer

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, England, United Kingdom

Lik-Kwan Shark

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Applied Digital Signal and Image Processing Research Centre, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, England, United Kingdom

John C. Waterton

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Centre for Imaging Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, England, United Kingdom

Mike Bowes

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Imorphics Ltd, Manchester, England, United Kingdom

Peter J. Diggle

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation CHICAS, Lancaster Medical School, Lancaster University, Lancaster, England, United Kingdom

Mandy Dixon

Roles Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Lancaster Health Hub, Lancaster University, Lancaster, England, United Kingdom

Jane Huddleston

Roles Data curation, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Lancaster Health Hub, Lancaster University, Lancaster, England, United Kingdom

John Goodacre

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

j.goodacre@lancaster.ac.uk

Affiliation Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, England, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. Author MB worked for Imorphics Ltd and HS for Data Clarity Consulting Ltd at the time of writing. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.