About the Authors

Catherine J. M. Stapledon

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Centre for Orthopaedic & Trauma Research, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia

Helen Tsangari

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology

Affiliation Centre for Orthopaedic & Trauma Research, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia

Lucian B. Solomon

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Centre for Orthopaedic & Trauma Research, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia, Orthopaedic and Trauma Service, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia

David G. Campbell

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Centre for Orthopaedic & Trauma Research, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia, Wakefield Orthopaedic Clinic, Calvary Wakefield Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia

Plinio Hurtado

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Renal Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia

Ravi Krishnan

Contributed equally to this work with: Ravi Krishnan, Gerald J. Atkins

Roles Conceptualization, Resources, Writing – review & editing

rkrishnan@paradigmbiopharma.com (RK); Gerald.atkins@adelaide.edu.au (GA)

Affiliation Paradigm Biopharmaceuticals Ltd., Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Gerald J. Atkins

Contributed equally to this work with: Ravi Krishnan, Gerald J. Atkins

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

rkrishnan@paradigmbiopharma.com (RK); Gerald.atkins@adelaide.edu.au (GA)

Affiliation Centre for Orthopaedic & Trauma Research, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia

Competing Interests

RK is a full-time employee of Paradigm Biopharmaceuticals Ltd. (https://paradigmbiopharma.com/). As a staff member of Paradigm Biopharmaceuticals Ltd, RK is entitled to long term and short-term incentives. Australian Provisional Patent Application 2018903820 and Australian Provisional Patent Application 2019900326 which are both entitled “Treatment of pain with polysulfated polysaccharides” have been filed by Paradigm Biopharmaceuticals Ltd who is the proprietor of the intellectual property. This does not alter the authors' adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. All other authors declare that no competing interests exist.