About the Authors

Eitan Hersh

Contributed equally to this work with: Eitan Hersh, Yair Ghitza

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Eitan.hersh@tufts.edu

Affiliation Department of Political Science, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States of America

Yair Ghitza

Contributed equally to this work with: Eitan Hersh, Yair Ghitza

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Catalist, LLC, Washington DC, United States of America

Competing Interests

Author YG declares a competing interest insomuch as he employed by the firm Catalist as its chief scientist. The firm granted permission to the author to spend time on this research project and to utilize its database of U.S. voters. This competing interest does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.