About the Authors

Ryan R. Cheng

Contributed equally to this work with: Ryan R. Cheng, Ellinor Haglund, Nicholas S. Tiee

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

ryan.cheng@rice.edu (RRC); jonuchic@rice.edu (JNO)

Affiliation Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America

Ellinor Haglund

Contributed equally to this work with: Ryan R. Cheng, Ellinor Haglund, Nicholas S. Tiee

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America

Nicholas S. Tiee

Contributed equally to this work with: Ryan R. Cheng, Ellinor Haglund, Nicholas S. Tiee

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of California, San Diego, California, United States of America

Faruck Morcos

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Resources, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, United States of America, Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, United States of America

Herbert Levine

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America, Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America, Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America

Joseph A. Adams

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Resources, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Pharmacology, The University of California, San Diego, California, United States of America

Patricia A. Jennings

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of California, San Diego, California, United States of America

José N. Onuchic

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

ryan.cheng@rice.edu (RRC); jonuchic@rice.edu (JNO)

Affiliations Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America, Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America, Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.