About the Authors

Christofer Herlin

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Kiropraktor Kliniken Laurin, Malmö, Sweden

Per Kjaer

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

Ansgar Espeland

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

Jan Sture Skouen

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Norway

Charlotte Leboeuf-Yde

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations The Spine Center of Southern Denmark, Hospital Lillebælt, Middelfart, Denmark, Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

Jaro Karppinen

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Center for Life Course Health Research, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Oulu, Finland

Jaakko Niinimäki

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

Joan Solgaard Sørensen

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

Kjersti Storheim

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Communication and Research Unit for Musculoskeletal Disorders (FORMI), Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Norway, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway

Tue Secher Jensen

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

ts.jensen@nikkb.dk

Affiliations The Spine Center of Southern Denmark, Hospital Lillebælt, Middelfart, Denmark, Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark, Nordic Institute of Chiropractic and Clinical Biomechanics, Odense, Denmark

Competing Interests

These authors have declared that no competing interests exist: CH, PK, AE, JStS, CLY, JN, JSoS, KS, TSJ. JK: Paid lectures by MSD and Pfizer, Stocks of Orion Pharma Ltd, Membership of Scientific Advisory Board of Axsome Therapeutics Inc.