About the Authors

Ka Ying Bonnie Ng

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Princess Anne Hospital,Southampton, United Kingdom

Nigel A. B. Simpson

Roles Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom

Janet E. Cade

Roles Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Nutritional Epidemiology Group, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom

Darren C. Greenwood

Roles Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom

Harry J. Mcardle

Roles Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom

Etienne Ciantar

Roles Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom

Nisreen A. Alwan

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

N.A.Alwan@soton.ac.uk

Affiliations Academic Unit of Primary Care and Population Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.