About the Authors

Levi Boxell

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

lboxell@stanford.edu

Affiliation Economics Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America

Matthew Gentzkow

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Economics Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA, United States of America

Jesse M. Shapiro

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA, United States of America, Economics Department, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States of America

Competing Interests

I have read the journal’s policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: M.G. is a member of the Toulouse Network of Information Technology, a research group funded by Microsoft, and has done paid consulting for Amazon. J.M.S. has, in the past, been a paid visitor at Microsoft Research and a paid consultant for FutureOfCapitalism, LLC. L.B. has written a research brief on this subject for the Cato Institute, for which he was paid. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.