About the Authors

Aishwarya Vijay

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Software, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America

Jessica E. Becker

Roles Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations MGH/McLean Psychiatry Residency Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America

Joseph S. Ross

Roles Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

joseph.ross@yale.edu

Affiliations Section of General Internal Medicine and the National Clinician Scholars Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America, Department of Health Policy and Management, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America, The Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale–New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America

Competing Interests

In the past 36 months, Dr. Ross has received research support through Yale University from Johnson and Johnson to develop methods of clinical trial data sharing, from Medtronic, Inc. and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to develop methods for postmarket surveillance of medical devices (U01FD004585), from the Food and Drug Administration to establish Yale-Mayo Clinic Center for Excellence in Regulatory Science and Innovation (CERSI) program (U01FD005938), from the Blue Cross Blue Shield Association to better understand medical technology evaluation, from the Centers of Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) to develop and maintain performance measures that are used for public reporting (HHSM 500-2013-13018I), from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (R01HS022882), from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) (R01HS025164), and from the Laura and John Arnold Foundation to establish the Good Pharma Scorecard at Bioethics International and the Collaboration for Research Integrity and Transparency (CRIT) at Yale University. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.