About the Authors

Zexian Zeng

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Validation

Affiliation Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Xia Jiang

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Project administration

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Xiaoyu Li

Roles Formal analysis

Affiliation Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Alan Wells

Roles Formal analysis

Affiliation Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh and Pittsburgh VA Health System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Yuan Luo

Roles Data curation

Affiliation Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Richard Neapolitan

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis

richard.neapolitan@northwestern.edu

Affiliation Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.