About the Authors

Hassan M. K. Ghomrawi

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

hassan.ghomrawi1@northwestern.edu

Affiliations Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America, Center for Healthcare Studies, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Russell J. Funk

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Carlson School of Management, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America

Michael L. Parks

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York City, New York, United States of America

Jason Owen-Smith

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Sociology and Institute for Research on Innovation and Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

John M. Hollingsworth

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.