About the Authors

Andrew Ladle

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

ladle@ualberta.ca

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Robin Steenweg

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Wildlife Biology Program, College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, United States of America

Brenda Shepherd

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Parks Canada, Jasper, Alberta, Canada

Mark S. Boyce

Roles Funding acquisition, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interest exist.