About the Authors

Alexander C. Dowell

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Institute of Immunology & Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Ellen Cobby

Roles Formal analysis

Affiliation Royal Shrewsbury Hospital, Shrewsbury, Shropshire, United Kingdom

Kaisheng Wen

Roles Resources

Affiliation University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Adam J. Devall

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis

Affiliation Birmingham Clinical Trials Unit (BCTU), Institute of Applied Health Research, Public Health Building, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, United Kingdom

Vinnie During

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Jane Anderson

Roles Investigation

Affiliation University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Nicholas D. James

Roles Conceptualization, Resources

Affiliation University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Kar K. Cheng

Roles Conceptualization, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation School of Health and Population Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Maurice P. Zeegers

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (School NUTRIM), and Care and Public Health Research Institute (School CAPHRI), Maastricht University, The Netherlands, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Richard T. Bryan

Contributed equally to this work with: Richard T. Bryan, Graham S. Taylor

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Resources, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

r.t.bryan@bham.ac.uk

Affiliation Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Graham S. Taylor

Contributed equally to this work with: Richard T. Bryan, Graham S. Taylor

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Institute of Immunology & Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

RT Bryan has contributed to advisory boards for Olympus Medical Systems with regard to narrow band imaging cystoscopy. ND James has contributed to advisory boards for Merck USA and Pierre Fabre. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.