About the Authors

Claire von Mollendorf

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

clairevonmollendorf@yahoo.com.au

Affiliations Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, a division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

Stefano Tempia

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America, Influenza Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Pretoria, South Africa

Anne von Gottberg

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, a division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

Susan Meiring

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Division of Public Health Surveillance and Response, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa

Vanessa Quan

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Division of Public Health Surveillance and Response, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa

Charles Feldman

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Internal Medicine, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

Jeane Cloete

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Pretoria, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa

Shabir A. Madhi

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, a division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa, Medical Research Council: Respiratory and Meningeal Pathogens Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

Katherine L. O’Brien

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, International Vaccine Access Center, Department of International Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Keith P. Klugman

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Current address: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Affiliation Hubert School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Cynthia G. Whitney

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Cheryl Cohen

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, a division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

Competing Interests

CvM has received honoraria from Pfizer. AvG has received research funding from Pfizer. SAM has received honoraria from GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer, and Sanofi Pasteur, and research funding from GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer, and Novartis. CF has acted on the advisory board and received honoraria for lectures from Pfizer. KLO has received research funding and honoraria from Pfizer and GlaxoSmithKline. CC has received research funding from Pfizer and Sanofi Pasteur. The other authors do not declare any conflict of interest. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.