About the Authors

Jianping Qiao

Contributed equally to this work with: Jianping Qiao, Zhishun Wang

Affiliations School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Image Processing Technology, Institute of Data Science and Technology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America

Zhishun Wang

Contributed equally to this work with: Jianping Qiao, Zhishun Wang

wangz@nyspi.columbia.edu (ZW); zhaoguihu@foxmail.com (GZ)

Affiliation Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America

Guihu Zhao

wangz@nyspi.columbia.edu (ZW); zhaoguihu@foxmail.com (GZ)

Affiliation School of Information Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China

Yuankai Huo

Affiliation Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America

Carl L. Herder

Affiliation American Institute for Stuttering, New York, NY, United States of America

Chamonix O. Sikora

Affiliation American Institute for Stuttering, New York, NY, United States of America

Bradley S. Peterson

Affiliations Institute for the Developing Mind, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, CA, United States of America, Department of Psychiatry, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceptualization: JPQ ZSW BSP. Data curation: JPQ ZSW BSP. Formal analysis: JPQ ZSW BSP. Funding acquisition: JPQ ZSW BSP. Investigation: JPQ ZSW CLH COS BSP. Methodology: JPQ ZSW BSP. Project administration: JPQ ZSW BSP. Resources: JPQ ZSW CLH COS BSP. Software: JPQ ZSW BSP. Supervision: JPQ ZSW BSP. Validation: JPQ ZSW BSP. Visualization: JPQ ZSW BSP. Writing – original draft: JPQ ZSW BSP. Writing – review & editing: JPQ ZSW GHZ YKH BSP.