About the Authors

Miho Sato

Contributed equally to this work with: Miho Sato, Deogratias Maufi, Sumihisa Honda

mihos@nagasaki-u.ac.jp

Affiliations Department of Community-based Rehabilitation Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan, School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan

Deogratias Maufi

Contributed equally to this work with: Miho Sato, Deogratias Maufi, Sumihisa Honda

Affiliation President’s Office Regional Administration and Local Goverment, Dodoma, Tanzania

Upendo John Mwingira

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Neglected Tropical Diseases Programme, Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Melkidezek T. Leshabari

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation School of Public Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Mayumi Ohnishi

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Department of Community-based Rehabilitation Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan

Sumihisa Honda

Contributed equally to this work with: Miho Sato, Deogratias Maufi, Sumihisa Honda

Affiliation Department of Community-based Rehabilitation Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceptualization: MS DM SH. Formal analysis: MS SH. Funding acquisition: MS. Investigation: MS DM. Methodology: MS MTL SH. Project administration: MS DM. Software: SH. Supervision: UJM MTL MO SH. Validation: SH. Visualization: SH. Writing – original draft: MS DM UJM MTL MO SH. Writing – review & editing: MS DM UJM MTL MO SH.