About the Authors

Konstadina Griva

Affiliations Health Services Research Group, City University London, College Building Room A224, London, United Kingdom, Department of Psychology, National University of Singapore, 9 Arts Link AS4-02-28, Singapore, Singapore

Jan Stygall

Affiliation Health Services Research Group, City University London, College Building Room A224, London, United Kingdom

Mark H. Wilson

Affiliation The Traumatic Brain Injury Centre, Imperial College, London and London’s Air Ambulance (Queen Mary University), London, United Kingdom

Daniel Martin

Affiliation Institute for Human Health and Performance, University College London, London, United Kingdom

Denny Levett

Affiliation Anaesthesia and Critical Care Research Unit, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom

Kay Mitchell

Affiliation Institute for Human Health and Performance, University College London, London, United Kingdom

Monty Mythen

Affiliation Institute for Human Health and Performance, University College London, London, United Kingdom

Hugh E. Montgomery

Affiliation Institute for Human Health and Performance, University College London, London, United Kingdom

Mike P. Grocott

Affiliations Institute for Human Health and Performance, University College London, London, United Kingdom, Anaesthesia and Critical Care Research Unit, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom, Integrative Physiology and Critical Illness Group, Division of Clinical and Experimental Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom, Southampton NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom

Golnar Aref-Adib

Affiliation Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom

Mark Edsell

Affiliation St George's Hospital, London, United Kingdom

Tracie Plant

Affiliation MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Chris Imray

Affiliation Division of Translational and Systems Medicine, Warwick Medical School, Warwick, United Kingdom

Debbie Cooke

Affiliation School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey, United Kingdom

Jane Harrington

Affiliation Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom

Maryam Khosravi

Affiliation Institute for Human Health and Performance, University College London, London, United Kingdom

Stanton P. Newman

Stanton.Newman.1@city.ac.uk

Affiliation Health Services Research Group, City University London, College Building Room A224, London, United Kingdom

for the Caudwell Xtreme Everest Research Group

The complete membership of the author group can be found in the Acknowledgments

Competing Interests

There are no patents, products in development or marketed products to declare. This study received funding from BOC Medical, Eli Lilly, Smiths Medical, Deltex Medical, and Rolex Foundation. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceptualization: SPN JS MHW MM HEM MPG CI DM. Data curation: JS JH. Formal analysis: SPN JS KG AAG DC JH. Funding acquisition: MPG SPN HEM MM. Investigation: JS DC JH MM HEM MPG DL MHW DM KM MK ME TP CI. Methodology: SPN JS KG DM DL MM MPG CI. Project administration: SPN MPG DL KM DM MK JS. Resources: SPN MM HM MPG DL. Software: AAG KG. Supervision: SPN JS MPG MM DL DM CI HEM. Validation: MM JS KM. Visualization: MHW HEM CI KG. Writing – original draft: SPN JS KG MHW CI HEM. Writing – review & editing: KG JS MHW DM DL KM MM HEM MPG AAG ME TP CI DC JH MK SPN.