About the Authors

David Carslake

Contributed equally to this work with: David Carslake, Pia R. Pinger

David.Carslake@bristol.ac.uk (DC); pinger@uni-bonn.de (PRP)

Affiliations MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

Pia R. Pinger

Contributed equally to this work with: David Carslake, Pia R. Pinger

David.Carslake@bristol.ac.uk (DC); pinger@uni-bonn.de (PRP)

Affiliation Department of Economics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany

Pål Romundstad

Affiliation Department of Public Health and General Practice, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway

George Davey Smith

Affiliations MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Data curation: DC. Formal analysis: DC. Funding acquisition: GDS PR PRP. Investigation: PRP DC. Methodology: DC GDS. Project administration: PRP DC. Resources: PRP. Software: DC. Supervision: GDS PR. Validation: DC. Visualization: PRP DC. Writing – original draft: DC PRP. Writing – review & editing: PRP DC PR GDS.