About the Authors

Maya Nadimpalli

Affiliation Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America

Jill R. Stewart

Affiliation Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America

Elizabeth Pierce

Affiliation Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America

Nora Pisanic

Affiliation Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

David C. Love

Affiliations Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America, Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Devon Hall

Affiliation Rural Empowerment Association for Community Help, Warsaw, North Carolina, United States of America

Jesper Larsen

Affiliation Microbiology and Infection Control, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark

Karen C. Carroll

Affiliations Division of Medical Microbiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America, Microbiology Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Tsigereda Tekle

Affiliation Microbiology Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Trish M. Perl

Affiliations Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America, Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Christopher D. Heaney

cheaney1@jhu.edu

Affiliations Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America, Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Competing Interests

DH is Program Manager and co-founder of the Rural Empowerment Association for Community Help (REACH), a 501(c)(3) not for profit organization located in Duplin County, North Carolina. DH is a complainant in a Title VI administrative complaint against the North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality related to its statewide hog operation lagoon and sprayfield liquid waste management permitting system. There is no potential personal financial gain from this administrative complaint, which is not directly related to the research described in this manuscript and is not a lawsuit or litigation. The other authors declare they have no actual or potential competing financial interests. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceptualization: DH CDH JRS TMP. Data curation: MN CDH EP NP. Formal analysis: MN CDH EP JL NP. Funding acquisition: CDH JRS DCL. Investigation: MN EP NP DH KC TT CDH. Methodology: DH CDH JRS NP MN DCL. Project administration: DH CDH JRS. Resources: JRS CDH DH KC TT. Software: MN CDH. Supervision: CDH DH EP MN TMP KC. Validation: MN EP JL NP CDH. Visualization: MN CDH. Writing – original draft: MN. Writing – review & editing: MN JRS NP DCL DH JL KC TT CDH TMP EP.