About the Authors

Julius O. Enoru

Contributed equally to this work with: Julius O. Enoru, Barbara Yang, Sesha Krishnamachari

Affiliation In Vitro and Molecular Metabolism Laboratory, Ricerca Biosciences LLC, Concord, Ohio, United States of America

Barbara Yang

Contributed equally to this work with: Julius O. Enoru, Barbara Yang, Sesha Krishnamachari

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Center of Emphasis in Neurosciences, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, Texas, United States of America

Sesha Krishnamachari

Contributed equally to this work with: Julius O. Enoru, Barbara Yang, Sesha Krishnamachari

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Center of Emphasis in Neurosciences, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, Texas, United States of America

Ernesto Villanueva

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Center of Emphasis in Neurosciences, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, Texas, United States of America

William DeMaio

Affiliation In Vitro and Molecular Metabolism Laboratory, Ricerca Biosciences LLC, Concord, Ohio, United States of America

Adiba Watanyar

Affiliation In Vitro and Molecular Metabolism Laboratory, Ricerca Biosciences LLC, Concord, Ohio, United States of America

Ramesh Chinnasamy

Affiliation Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, United States of America

Jeffrey B. Arterburn

Affiliation Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, United States of America

Ruth G. Perez

ruth.g.perez@ttuhsc.edu

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Center of Emphasis in Neurosciences, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, Texas, United States of America

Competing Interests

Julius O. Enoru, William DeMaio and Adiba Watanyar are employed by Ricerca Biosciences LLC. Our relationship with the commercial entity does not alter adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. The corresponding author has filed a patent, “Compositions and Methods for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease”, US 20150290145, CA 2888634, which does not alter adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. However, some restrictions exist with regard to material sharing, as that would require additional synthesis and related expenses. We will share with anyone who is willing to pay for new synthesis and shipping.

Author Contributions

Conceptualization: RGP JBA JOE. Formal analysis: RGP JOE WDM BY SK EV. Funding acquisition: RGP JBA. Investigation: JOE SK EV RGP WDM RC JBA. Methodology: RGP JOE WDM JBA EV SK AW RC. Project administration: RGP JBA JOE WDM. Resources: RGP JBA JOE WDM. Supervision: RGP JBA JOE WDM. Validation: RGP JOE WDM SK EV BY AW. Visualization: RGP BY. Writing – original draft: JOE RGP. Writing – review & editing: RGP BY SK JBA JOE WDM.