About the Authors

Lennart T. Bach

lbach@geomar.de

Affiliation GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany

Jan Taucher

Affiliation GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany

Tim Boxhammer

Affiliation GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany

Andrea Ludwig

Affiliation GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany

The Kristineberg KOSMOS Consortium

Membership of The Kristineberg KOSMOS Consortium is provided in the Acknowledgments.

Eric P. Achterberg

Affiliation GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany

María Algueró-Muñiz

Affiliation Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Helgoland, Germany

Leif G. Anderson

Affiliation Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

Jessica Bellworthy

Affiliations GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany, Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom

Jan Büdenbender

Affiliation GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany

Jan Czerny

Affiliation GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany

Ylva Ericson

Affiliation The University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS), Longyearbyen, Norway

Mario Esposito

Affiliations GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany, Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom

Matthias Fischer

Affiliation GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany

Mathias Haunost

Affiliation GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany

Dana Hellemann

Affiliations GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Henriette G. Horn

Affiliation Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Helgoland, Germany

Thomas Hornick

Affiliation Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Experimental Limnology, Stechlin, Germany

Jana Meyer

Affiliation GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany

Michael Sswat

Affiliation GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany

Maren Zark

Affiliation Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Research Group for Marine Geochemistry (ICBM-MPI Bridging Group), Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany

Ulf Riebesell

Affiliation GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: UR LTB TB JC AL MS. Performed the experiments: LTB TB AL MAM J. Bellworthy J. Büdenbender JC ME MF MH DH HGH TH JM MS MZ UR. Analyzed the data: LTB JT TB AL EPA MAM LGA YE ME DH HGH TH JM MZ. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: UR EPA LGA. Wrote the paper: LTB.