About the Authors

Ayaga Bawah

Affiliations Regional Institute for Population Studies (RIPS), University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana, INDEPTH Network, Accra, Ghana, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America

Brian Houle

brian.houle@anu.edu.au

Affiliations School of Demography, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia, MRC/Wits Rural Public Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, CU Population Center, Institute of Behavioral Science, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, United States of America

Nurul Alam

Affiliation International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abdur Razzaque

Affiliation International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Peter Kim Streatfield

Affiliation International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Cornelius Debpuur

Affiliation Navrongo Health Research Centre, Navrongo, Ghana

Paul Welaga

Affiliation Navrongo Health Research Centre, Navrongo, Ghana

Abraham Oduro

Affiliation Navrongo Health Research Centre, Navrongo, Ghana

Abraham Hodgson

Affiliation Navrongo Health Research Centre, Navrongo, Ghana

Stephen Tollman

Affiliations MRC/Wits Rural Public Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, Umeå Centre for Global Health Research, Division of Epidemiology and Global Health, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, INDEPTH Network, Accra, Ghana

Mark Collinson

Affiliations MRC/Wits Rural Public Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, Umeå Centre for Global Health Research, Division of Epidemiology and Global Health, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, INDEPTH Network, Accra, Ghana

Kathleen Kahn

Affiliations MRC/Wits Rural Public Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, Umeå Centre for Global Health Research, Division of Epidemiology and Global Health, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, INDEPTH Network, Accra, Ghana

Tran Khan Toan

Affiliation Filabavi Health and Demographic Surveillance Site, Hanoi, Vietnam

Ho Dang Phuc

Affiliation Filabavi Health and Demographic Surveillance Site, Hanoi, Vietnam

Nguyen Thi Kim Chuc

Affiliation Filabavi Health and Demographic Surveillance Site, Hanoi, Vietnam

Osman Sankoh

Affiliation INDEPTH Network, Accra, Ghana

Samuel J. Clark

Affiliations MRC/Wits Rural Public Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, CU Population Center, Institute of Behavioral Science, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, United States of America, INDEPTH Network, Accra, Ghana, Department of Sociology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, ALPHA Network, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AB SC. Analyzed the data: BH SC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: NA AR PS CD PW AO AH ST MC KK TT HP NC. Wrote the paper: BH AB SC OS.