About the Authors
- Weam Siheri
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Affiliation University of Strathclyde, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, United Kingdom
- Tong Zhang
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Affiliations University of Strathclyde, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, United Kingdom, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, United Kingdom
- Godwin Unekwuojo Ebiloma
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Affiliation Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom
- Marco Biddau
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Affiliation Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom
- Nicola Woods
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Affiliation University of Strathclyde, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, United Kingdom
- Muattaz Yassein Hussain
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Affiliation University of Strathclyde, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, United Kingdom
- Carol J. Clements
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Affiliation University of Strathclyde, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, United Kingdom
- James Fearnley
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Affiliation BeeVital, Whitby, North Yorkshire, YO22 5JR, United Kingdom
- RuAngelie Edrada Ebel
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Affiliation University of Strathclyde, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, United Kingdom
- Timothy Paget
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Affiliation Dept. of Pharmacy, Health and Well-being, University of Sunderland, Wharncliffe Street, Sunderland SR1 3SD, United Kingdom
- Sylke Muller
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Affiliation Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom
- Katharine C. Carter
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Affiliation University of Strathclyde, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, United Kingdom
- Valerie A. Ferro
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Affiliation University of Strathclyde, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, United Kingdom
- Harry P. De Koning
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Affiliation Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom
- David G. Watson
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* E-mail: d.g.watson@strath.ac.uk
Affiliation University of Strathclyde, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G4 0RE, United Kingdom
Competing Interests
JF is affiliated with BeeVital. This commercial affiliation does not alter the authors' adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: TZ DGW WS REE. Performed the experiments: TZ WS MB MYH TP CJC NW GUE. Analyzed the data: DGW TZ REE WS MB MYH CJC NW GUE TP. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: HPD VF KCC JF SM CJC TP. Wrote the paper: DGW VF MB SM HPD KCC JF. Collected propolis samples: WS.