About the Authors

Erasto V. Mbugi

erasto.mbugi@sacids.org; rerasto@yahoo.com

Affiliations Department of Biochemistry, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P. O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Bugwesa Z. Katale

Affiliations Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute (TAWIRI), P.O. Box 661, Arusha, Tanzania

Elizabeth M. Streicher

Affiliation DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research/ South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, P.O. Box 241, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa

Julius D. Keyyu

Affiliation Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute (TAWIRI), P.O. Box 661, Arusha, Tanzania

Sharon L. Kendall

Affiliation Department of Immunology and Infection, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom

Hazel M. Dockrell

Affiliation The Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London, NW1 0TU, United Kingdom

Anita L. Michel

Affiliation Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa

Mark M. Rweyemamu

Affiliation Southern African Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania

Robin M. Warren

Affiliation DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research/ South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, P.O. Box 241, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa

Mecky I. Matee

Affiliation Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Paul D. van Helden

Affiliation DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research/ South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, P.O. Box 241, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa

David Couvin

Affiliation WHO Supranational TB Reference Laboratory, Tuberculosis & Mycobacteria Unit, Institut Pasteur de la Guadeloupe, Morne Joliviere, BP 484, 97183, Abymes, Guadeloupe

Nalin Rastogi

Affiliation WHO Supranational TB Reference Laboratory, Tuberculosis & Mycobacteria Unit, Institut Pasteur de la Guadeloupe, Morne Joliviere, BP 484, 97183, Abymes, Guadeloupe

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: EVM EMS BZK DC NR. Performed the experiments: EVM BZK DC. Analyzed the data: EVM DC NR. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: EMS RMW DC NR PDvH MIM. Wrote the paper: EVM BZK EMS JDK SLK HMD ALM MMR RMW MIM PDvH DC NR. Did data mining and established links: DC.