About the Authors

Ahmad Chaddad

achaddad@livia.etsmtl.ca

Affiliations Laboratory for Imagery, Vision and Artificial Intelligence, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montréal, Québec, Canada, Laboratory of Conception, Optimization and Modelling of Systems, University of Lorraine, Metz, Lorraine, France

Christian Desrosiers

Affiliation Laboratory for Imagery, Vision and Artificial Intelligence, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montréal, Québec, Canada

Ahmed Bouridane

Affiliation School of Computing, Engineering and Information Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle, United Kingdom

Matthew Toews

Affiliation Laboratory for Imagery, Vision and Artificial Intelligence, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montréal, Québec, Canada

Lama Hassan

Affiliation Laboratory of Conception, Optimization and Modelling of Systems, University of Lorraine, Metz, Lorraine, France

Camel Tanougast

Affiliation Laboratory of Conception, Optimization and Modelling of Systems, University of Lorraine, Metz, Lorraine, France

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AC. Performed the experiments: AC. Analyzed the data: AC CD CT MT. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: AC CT. Wrote the paper: AC CD AB MT LH CT.