About the Authors

Laura M. Langan

Affiliation School of Biological Sciences, Plymouth University, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, United Kingdom

Nicholas J. F. Dodd

Affiliation School of Biological Sciences, Plymouth University, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, United Kingdom

Stewart F. Owen

Affiliation AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, SK10 4TF, United Kingdom

Wendy M. Purcell

Affiliation School of Biological Sciences, Plymouth University, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, United Kingdom

Simon K. Jackson

‡ These authors are equal senior authors on this work.

Affiliation School of Biomedical & Healthcare Science, Plymouth University, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, United Kingdom

Awadhesh N. Jha

A.Jha@plymouth.ac.uk

‡ These authors are equal senior authors on this work.

Affiliation School of Biological Sciences, Plymouth University, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

This work was partly supported as a PhD studentship by the AstraZeneca Global Environment Research programme. SFO is an employee of AstraZeneca. AstraZeneca is a pharmaceutical company specialising in the discovery, development, manufacturing and marketing of prescription medicines. This does not alter the authors’ adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: LML NJFD SFO WMP SKJ ANJ. Performed the experiments: LML NJFD. Analyzed the data: LML NJFD. Wrote the paper: LML NJFD SFO WMP SKJ ANJ.