About the Authors

Shin-Yi Chiou

Affiliation The Nick Davey Laboratory, Human Performance Group, Division of Surgery, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Charing Cross Hospital, London, United Kingdom

Sam E. A. Gottardi

Affiliation The Nick Davey Laboratory, Human Performance Group, Division of Surgery, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Charing Cross Hospital, London, United Kingdom

Paul W. Hodges

Affiliation The University of Queensland, NHMRC Centre of Clinical Research Excellence in Spinal Pain, Injury and Health, School of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

Paul H. Strutton

p.strutton@imperial.ac.uk

Affiliation The Nick Davey Laboratory, Human Performance Group, Division of Surgery, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Charing Cross Hospital, London, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SYC SG PH PS. Performed the experiments: SG PS. Analyzed the data: SYC SG PS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: PS. Wrote the paper: SYC SG PH PS.