About the Authors
- Qiang Huang
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* E-mail: qiang-huang@live.com (QH); Jay.Evans@ars.usda.gov (JDE)
Affiliations State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650223, China, USDA-ARS Bee Research Laboratory, BARC-East Building 306, Beltsville, Maryland, 20705, United States of America
- Yan Ping Chen
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Affiliation USDA-ARS Bee Research Laboratory, BARC-East Building 306, Beltsville, Maryland, 20705, United States of America
- Rui Wu Wang
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* E-mail: qiang-huang@live.com (QH); Jay.Evans@ars.usda.gov (JDE)
Affiliations State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650223, China, Center for Ecological and Environmental Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, 710072, China
- Shang Cheng
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Affiliation Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, 402460, China
- Jay D. Evans
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* E-mail: qiang-huang@live.com (QH); Jay.Evans@ars.usda.gov (JDE)
Affiliation USDA-ARS Bee Research Laboratory, BARC-East Building 306, Beltsville, Maryland, 20705, United States of America
Competing Interests
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: QH JDE. Performed the experiments: QH. Analyzed the data: QH JDE. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: YPC RWW SC. Wrote the paper: QH JDE. Provided important intellectual suggestion for the experimental design and data analysis: YPC RWW SC.