About the Authors

Aiko Ishiki

Affiliation Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan

Shoji Okinaga

Affiliation Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan

Naoki Tomita

Affiliation Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan

Reiko Kawahara

Affiliation Department of Gerontological Nursing, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan

Ichiro Tsuji

Affiliation Department of Public Health and Forensic Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan

Ryoichi Nagatomi

Affiliation Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan

Yasuyuki Taki

Affiliation Division of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan

Takashi Takahashi

Affiliation Department of Infection Control and Immunology and Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan

Masafumi Kuzuya

Affiliation Department of Community Healthcare and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan

Shigeto Morimoto

Affiliation Department of Geriatric Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan

Katsuya Iijima

Affiliation Institute of Gerontology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

Takeyoshi Koseki

Affiliation Department of Oral Health and Development Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan

Hiroyuki Arai

Affiliation Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan

Katsutoshi Furukawa

kfurukawa-ns@umin.ac.jp

Affiliation Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SO RK IT RN YT TT MK SM KI TK HA KF. Performed the experiments: AI SO NT TT SM TK KF. Analyzed the data: AI SO NT KF. Wrote the paper: AI SO KF.