About the Authors

Mark A. Davis

davis63@illinois.edu

Affiliation Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Champaign, IL, 61820, United States of America

Marlis R. Douglas

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, United States of America

Michael L. Collyer

Affiliation Department of Biology, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY, 42101, United States of America

Michael E. Douglas

Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: MAD MRD MLC MED. Performed the experiments: MAD MLC. Analyzed the data: MAD MLC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MAD MRD MLC MED. Wrote the paper: MAD MRD MLC MED.