About the Authors

Kirsty E. Russell

Affiliation Airway Disease Section, National Heart & Lung Institute, NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit at the Royal Brompton NHS Foundation Trust and Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Kian Fan Chung

Affiliation Airway Disease Section, National Heart & Lung Institute, NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit at the Royal Brompton NHS Foundation Trust and Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Colin J. Clarke

Affiliation Airway Disease Section, National Heart & Lung Institute, NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit at the Royal Brompton NHS Foundation Trust and Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Andrew L. Durham

Affiliation Airway Disease Section, National Heart & Lung Institute, NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit at the Royal Brompton NHS Foundation Trust and Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Patrick Mallia

Affiliation Airway Disease Infection Section, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Joseph Footitt

† Deceased.

Affiliation Airway Disease Infection Section, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Sebastian L. Johnston

Affiliation Airway Disease Infection Section, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Peter J. Barnes

Affiliation Airway Disease Section, National Heart & Lung Institute, NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit at the Royal Brompton NHS Foundation Trust and Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Simon R. Hall

Affiliation RRI DPU, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, United Kingdom

Karen D. Simpson

Affiliation RRI DPU, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, United Kingdom

Malcolm R. Starkey

Affiliation Priority Research Centre for Respiratory Diseases, Hunter Medical Research Institute and The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia

Philip M. Hansbro

Affiliation Priority Research Centre for Respiratory Diseases, Hunter Medical Research Institute and The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia

Ian M. Adcock

Affiliation Airway Disease Section, National Heart & Lung Institute, NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit at the Royal Brompton NHS Foundation Trust and Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Coen H. Wiegman

c.wiegman@imperial.ac.uk

Affiliation Airway Disease Section, National Heart & Lung Institute, NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit at the Royal Brompton NHS Foundation Trust and Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

SRH and KDS are employees of GSK. This study was funded in part by GSK and by the MRC-ABPI COPDMAP consortia. There are no patents, products in development or marketed products to declare. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: KER KFC SLJ PJB SRH KDS IMA CHW. Performed the experiments: KER CC ALD CHW MRS PMH JF PM. Analyzed the data: KER CHW MRS SRH KDS. Wrote the paper: KER KFC IMA CHW SLJ.