About the Authors

Ming Liu

Affiliation School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China

Yang Xu

xuyang@uestc.edu.cn

Affiliation School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China

Abdul-Wahid Mohammed

Affiliation School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: YX ML AWM. Performed the experiments: ML YX AWM. Analyzed the data: ML YX AWM. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: YX ML AWM. Wrote the paper: ML AWM YX. Responsible for the theoretical study and mathematical derivation: ML. PI (Principal Investigator) of all the funding projects, and, as the first and third authors’ PhD adviser, responded to problem modeling and algorithm layout: YX. Presided over the experimental test bed design and language revision: AWM.