About the Authors

Dawn Kingston

dawn.kingston@ualberta.ca

Affiliation Faculty of Nursing, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Marie-Paule Austin

Affiliation St John of God Chair Perinatal & Women’s Mental Health, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia

Sheila W. McDonald

Affiliation Population, Public, and Aboriginal Health, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Lydia Vermeyden

Affiliation Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Maureen Heaman

Affiliation College of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

Kathleen Hegadoren

Affiliation Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Gerri Lasiuk

Affiliation Faculty of Nursing, University of Saskatchewan, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada

Joshua Kingston

Affiliation Faculty of Science (Computer Science), MacEwan University, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Wendy Sword

Affiliation School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

Karly Jarema

Affiliation Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Sander Veldhuyzen van Zanten

Affiliation Division of Gastroenterology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Sarah D. McDonald

Affiliation Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Radiology, and Clinical, Epidemiology & Biostatistics McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

Anne Biringer

Affiliation Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Ada and Slaight Family Director of Maternity Care, Ray D Wolfe Department of Family Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: DK AB GL KH MH SWM SDM SVvZ MPA WS. Performed the experiments: JK KJ. Analyzed the data: DK JK LV. Wrote the paper: DK. Critically reviewed the manuscript and approved the final version: DK MPA SWM LV MH KH GL JK WS KJ SVvZ SDM AB. Contributed to data interpretation: DK MPA SWM LV MH KH GL JK WS KJ SVvZ SDM AB.