About the Authors

Joseph Pignatello Reid

Affiliation Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America

Stefan A. Schnitzer

Affiliations Department of Biological Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, 53201–1881, United States of America, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, República de Panamá

Jennifer S. Powers

powers@umn.edu

Affiliations Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, República de Panamá, Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SAS JSP. Performed the experiments: SAS JPR JSP. Analyzed the data: JPR. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JPR. Wrote the paper: JSP JPR SAS.