About the Authors

Thomas Druetz

thomas.druetz@umontreal.ca

Affiliations School of Public Health, University of Montreal, 7101 avenue du Parc, Montréal, Québec, H3N 1X9, Canada, University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre, 850 rue Saint-Denis, Montréal, Québec, H2X 0A9, Canada

Federica Fregonese

Affiliation University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre, 850 rue Saint-Denis, Montréal, Québec, H2X 0A9, Canada

Aristide Bado

Affiliation Biomedical and Public Health Department, Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7192, Burkina Faso

Tieba Millogo

Affiliation Biomedical and Public Health Department, Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7192, Burkina Faso

Seni Kouanda

Affiliation Biomedical and Public Health Department, Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7192, Burkina Faso

Souleymane Diabaté

Affiliation Laval University Medical Research Center (CHUQ), Saint-Sacrement Hospital, 1050, chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Québec, G1S 4L8, Canada

Slim Haddad

Affiliations Laval University Medical Research Center (CHUQ), Saint-Sacrement Hospital, 1050, chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Québec, G1S 4L8, Canada, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, 1050 avenue de la Médecine, Québec, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: TD SH SK. Performed the experiments: TD AB TM SK SH. Analyzed the data: TD SH. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: TD FF SD SH. Wrote the paper: TD FF SH. Improved the paper and approved the final version of the manuscript: TD FF AB TM SK SD SH.