About the Authors

Rebecca Gilbert

Becky.Gilbert@bristol.ac.uk

Affiliation School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

Richard M. Martin

Affiliations School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

David M. Evans

Affiliations School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

Kate Tilling

Affiliation School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

George Davey Smith

Affiliations School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

John P. Kemp

Affiliations School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

J. Athene Lane

Affiliation School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

Freddie C. Hamdy

Affiliation Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

David E. Neal

Affiliation Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Jenny L. Donovan

Affiliation School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

Chris Metcalfe

Affiliation School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JLD DEN FCH JAL. Performed the experiments: JLD DEN FCH JAL. Analyzed the data: RG RMM KT CM. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: DME JPK. Wrote the paper: RG RMM DME KT GDS JPK JAL FCH DEN JLD CM.