About the Authors

Yun-gang Luo

luoyungang@sohu.com (YGL); shilin@cuhk.edu.hk (LS)

Affiliation Department of Stomatology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, Jilin, China

Ping Liu

Affiliation Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China

Lin Shi

luoyungang@sohu.com (YGL); shilin@cuhk.edu.hk (LS)

Affiliations Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China, Chow Yuk Ho Technology Centre for Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

Yishan Luo

Affiliation Research Center for Medical Image Computing, Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

Lei Yi

Affiliation Department of Radiology, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China

Ang Li

Affiliation Research Center for Medical Image Computing, Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

Jing Qin

Affiliation Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China

Pheng-Ann Heng

Affiliations Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

Defeng Wang

Affiliations Research Center for Medical Image Computing, Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China, CUHK Shenzhen research institute, Shenzhen, China, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Shun Hing Institute of Advanced Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: PL YGL LY AL PH. Performed the experiments: PL AL. Analyzed the data: YGL LS JQ. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: LS DW. Wrote the paper: YGL PL LS YSL DW.