About the Authors

Eiichiro Kanda

Contributed equally to this work with: Eiichiro Kanda, Toshitaka Muneyuki, Kaname Suwa, Kei Nakajima

tokyo.kyosai.kanda@gmail.com

Affiliations Department of Nephrology, Tokyo Kyosai Hospital, Meguro, Tokyo, Japan, Center for life science and bioethics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan

Toshitaka Muneyuki

Contributed equally to this work with: Eiichiro Kanda, Toshitaka Muneyuki, Kaname Suwa, Kei Nakajima

Affiliations Saitama Citizens Medical Center, Saitama, Saitama, Japan, Department of Rehabilitation, Funabashi City Rehabilitation Hospital, Funabashi, Chiba, Japan

Kaname Suwa

Contributed equally to this work with: Eiichiro Kanda, Toshitaka Muneyuki, Kaname Suwa, Kei Nakajima

Affiliation Saitama Health Promotion Corporation, Hikigun, Saitama, Japan

Kei Nakajima

Contributed equally to this work with: Eiichiro Kanda, Toshitaka Muneyuki, Kaname Suwa, Kei Nakajima

Affiliations Division of Clinical Nutrition, Department of Medical Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama, Japan, Department of Metabolism, Kuki General Hospital, Kuki, Saitama, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have no competing interests. Since 1997, Saitama Health Promotion Corporation, a public interest corporation, supported the health of individuals, including children and adolescents, living or working in Saitama prefecture, primarily by carrying out various types of medical checkups. Only KS was employed by Saitama Health Promotion Corporation. He had no competing interests in this study. The other authors, EK, TM, and KN, declare that they have no competing interests. This does not alter the authors' adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: TM KS KN. Performed the experiments: TM KS KN. Analyzed the data: EK KN. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: EK TM KS KN. Wrote the paper: EK KN.