About the Authors

Casey A. Gilman

Affiliation Graduate Program in Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States of America

Michael J. Imburgia

Affiliation Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States of America

Michael D. Bartlett

Affiliation Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States of America

Daniel R. King

Affiliation Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States of America

Alfred J. Crosby

irschick@bio.umass.edu (DJI); crosby@mail.pse.umass.edu (AJC)

Affiliation Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States of America

Duncan J. Irschick

irschick@bio.umass.edu (DJI); crosby@mail.pse.umass.edu (AJC)

Affiliations Graduate Program in Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States of America, Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: CG MI MB DK AC DI. Performed the experiments: CG MI MB. Analyzed the data: CG MI MB. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: CG MI MB. Wrote the paper: CG MI MB DK AC DI.