About the Authors

Joe G. Zein

Contributed equally to this work with: Joe G. Zein, Serpil C. Erzurum

zeinj@ccf.org

Affiliation Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

Raed A. Dweik

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

Suzy A. Comhair

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Department of Pathobiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

Eugene R. Bleecker

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America

Wendy C. Moore

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America

Stephen P. Peters

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America

William W. Busse

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Department of Medicine, The University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

Nizar N. Jarjour

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Department of Medicine, The University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America

William J. Calhoun

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Department of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States of America

Mario Castro

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

K. Fan Chung

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation The National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom

Anne Fitzpatrick

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Elliot Israel

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Pulmonary Division, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachussets, United States of America

W. Gerald Teague

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America

Sally E. Wenzel

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Asthma Institute, The University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Thomas E. Love

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University-MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

Benjamin M. Gaston

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Department of Pediatric, Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

Serpil C. Erzurum

Contributed equally to this work with: Joe G. Zein, Serpil C. Erzurum

Affiliations Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America, Department of Pathobiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

on behalf of The Severe Asthma Research Program

Membership of The Severe Asthma Research Program is provided in the Acknowledgments.

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: SCE JGZ. Performed the experiments: SAC ERB WWB WJC MC KFC RAD AF EI NNJ WCM SPP WGT SEW BMG SCE. Analyzed the data: JGZ SCE SAC. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SAC ERB WWB WJC MC KFC RAD AF EI NNJ WCM SPP WGT SEW BMG SCE. Wrote the paper: JGZ SCE. Supervised statistical analysis: TEL.