About the Authors

Julie Fourrier

julie.fourrier@acta.asso.fr

Affiliation ACTA, ICB-VETAGROSUP, 1 avenue C. Bourgelat, 69280, Marcy l’Etoile, France

Matthieu Deschamps

Affiliation ACTA, ICB-VETAGROSUP, 1 avenue C. Bourgelat, 69280, Marcy l’Etoile, France

Léa Droin

Affiliation ACTA, ICB-VETAGROSUP, 1 avenue C. Bourgelat, 69280, Marcy l’Etoile, France

Cédric Alaux

Affiliations INRA, UR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, 228 Route de l'Aérodrome, CS 40509, 84914, Avignon, Cedex 9, France, UMT PrADE, CS 40509, Avignon, France

Dominique Fortini

Affiliation INRA, UE1255, UE Entomologie, Station du Magneraud, CS 40052, 17700, Surgères, France

Dominique Beslay

Affiliations INRA, UR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, 228 Route de l'Aérodrome, CS 40509, 84914, Avignon, Cedex 9, France, UMT PrADE, CS 40509, Avignon, France

Yves Le Conte

Affiliations INRA, UR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, 228 Route de l'Aérodrome, CS 40509, 84914, Avignon, Cedex 9, France, UMT PrADE, CS 40509, Avignon, France

James Devillers

Affiliation CTIS, 3 chemin de la gravière, 69140, Rillieux La Pape, France

Pierrick Aupinel

Affiliation INRA, UE1255, UE Entomologie, Station du Magneraud, CS 40052, 17700, Surgères, France

Axel Decourtye

Affiliations UMT PrADE, CS 40509, Avignon, France, ACTA, 228 Route de l'Aérodrome, CS 40509, 84914, Avignon, Cedex 9, France, ITSAP-Institut de l’abeille, 228 Route de l'Aérodrome, CS 40509, Avignon, France

Competing Interests

The authors have the following interests: Co-author James Devillers is employed by CTIS. There are no patents, products in development or marketed products to declare. This does not alter the authors’ adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AD JF CA PA DF YL JD. Performed the experiments: JF MD LD DB. Analyzed the data: JF CA MD LD AD. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: DF AD DB CA. Wrote the paper: JF CA AD. Provided suggestions and comments on the manuscript: PA JD YL.