Characterizing the Impact of Commercial Pollen Substitute Diets on the Level of Nosema spp. in Honey Bees (Apis mellifera L.)

James C. Fleming; Daniel R. Schmehl; James D. Ellis

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0132014

Loading metrics

Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

Characterizing the Impact of Commercial Pollen Substitute Diets on the Level of Nosema spp. in Honey Bees (Apis mellifera L.)

James C. Fleming,

Affiliation Entomology and Nematology Department, 970 Natural Area Drive, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, United States of America
⨯
Daniel R. Schmehl ,

* E-mail: daniel.schmehl@bayer.com

Current address: Bayer CropScience, 2 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, Durham, North Carolina, 27709, United States of America

Affiliation Entomology and Nematology Department, 970 Natural Area Drive, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, United States of America
⨯
James D. Ellis

Affiliation Entomology and Nematology Department, 970 Natural Area Drive, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, United States of America
⨯

Characterizing the Impact of Commercial Pollen Substitute Diets on the Level of Nosema spp. in Honey Bees (Apis mellifera L.)

James C. Fleming,
Daniel R. Schmehl,
James D. Ellis

Published: July 30, 2015
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0132014

About the Authors

James C. Fleming

Affiliation Entomology and Nematology Department, 970 Natural Area Drive, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, United States of America

Daniel R. Schmehl

* E-mail: daniel.schmehl@bayer.com

Current address: Bayer CropScience, 2 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, Durham, North Carolina, 27709, United States of America

Affiliation Entomology and Nematology Department, 970 Natural Area Drive, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, United States of America

James D. Ellis

Affiliation Entomology and Nematology Department, 970 Natural Area Drive, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: DRS JDE. Performed the experiments: JCF DRS. Analyzed the data: DRS JCF. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JDE. Wrote the paper: JCF DRS JDE.

Subject Areas
?

For more information about PLOS Subject Areas, click here.
We want your feedback. Do these Subject Areas make sense for this article? Click the target next to the incorrect Subject Area and let us know. Thanks for your help!

Bees
Is the Subject Area "Bees" applicable to this article?

Thanks for your feedback.
Pollen
Is the Subject Area "Pollen" applicable to this article?

Thanks for your feedback.
Diet
Is the Subject Area "Diet" applicable to this article?

Thanks for your feedback.
Nosema
Is the Subject Area "Nosema" applicable to this article?

Thanks for your feedback.
Sucrose
Is the Subject Area "Sucrose" applicable to this article?

Thanks for your feedback.
Honey bees
Is the Subject Area "Honey bees" applicable to this article?

Thanks for your feedback.
Trophic interactions
Is the Subject Area "Trophic interactions" applicable to this article?

Thanks for your feedback.
Spring
Is the Subject Area "Spring" applicable to this article?

Thanks for your feedback.