About the Authors

Jochen Klenk

jochen.klenk@uni-ulm.de

Affiliations Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany, Department of Clinical Gerontology and Rehabilitation, Robert-Bosch-Hospital, Stuttgart, Germany

Ngaire Kerse

Affiliation Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand

Kilian Rapp

Affiliations Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany, Department of Clinical Gerontology and Rehabilitation, Robert-Bosch-Hospital, Stuttgart, Germany

Thorsten Nikolaus

† Deceased.

Affiliation Agaplesion Bethesda Clinic, Ulm, Germany

Clemens Becker

Affiliation Department of Clinical Gerontology and Rehabilitation, Robert-Bosch-Hospital, Stuttgart, Germany

Dietrich Rothenbacher

Affiliation Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany

Richard Peter

Affiliation Institute of the History, Philosophy and Ethics of Medicine, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany

Michael Dieter Denkinger

Affiliation Agaplesion Bethesda Clinic, Ulm, Germany

the ActiFE Study Group

Membership of the ActiFE Study Group is provided in the Acknowledgments.

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: KR MD RP TN. Analyzed the data: JK NK CB DR. Wrote the paper: JK NK KR TN CB DR RP MD.