The Geographic Distribution of a Tropical Montane Bird Is Limited by a Tree: Acorn Woodpeckers (Melanerpes formicivorus) and Colombian Oaks (Quercus humboldtii) in the Northern Andes

Benjamin G. Freeman; Nicholas A. Mason

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0128675

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Peer-reviewed

Research Article

The Geographic Distribution of a Tropical Montane Bird Is Limited by a Tree: Acorn Woodpeckers (Melanerpes formicivorus) and Colombian Oaks (Quercus humboldtii) in the Northern Andes

Benjamin G. Freeman ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Benjamin G. Freeman, Nicholas A. Mason

* E-mail: bgf27@cornell.edu

Affiliations Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America, Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
⨯
Nicholas A. Mason

Contributed equally to this work with: Benjamin G. Freeman, Nicholas A. Mason

Affiliations Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America, Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
⨯

The Geographic Distribution of a Tropical Montane Bird Is Limited by a Tree: Acorn Woodpeckers (Melanerpes formicivorus) and Colombian Oaks (Quercus humboldtii) in the Northern Andes

Benjamin G. Freeman,
Nicholas A. Mason

Published: June 17, 2015
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0128675

About the Authors

Benjamin G. Freeman

Contributed equally to this work with: Benjamin G. Freeman, Nicholas A. Mason

* E-mail: bgf27@cornell.edu

Affiliations Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America, Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, New York, United States of America

Nicholas A. Mason

Contributed equally to this work with: Benjamin G. Freeman, Nicholas A. Mason

Affiliations Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America, Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, New York, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: BGF NAM. Performed the experiments: BGF NAM. Analyzed the data: NAM. Wrote the paper: BGF NAM.

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Woodpeckers
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Oaks
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Species interactions
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Birds
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Geographic distribution
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Colombia
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Ecuador
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Trees
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