About the Authors
- Leah M. Feazel
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Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America
- Stephanie A. Santorico
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Affiliation Dept. of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, United States of America
- Charles E. Robertson
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Affiliation Dept. of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, CO, United States of America
- Mahfudh Bashraheil
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Affiliation KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Centre for Geographic Medicine-Coast, Kilifi, Kenya
- J. Anthony G. Scott
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Affiliations KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Centre for Geographic Medicine-Coast, Kilifi, Kenya, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, London School of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, London, United Kingdom
- Daniel N. Frank
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Contributed equally to this work with: Daniel N. Frank, Laura L. Hammitt
* E-mail: lhammitt@jhu.edu (LLH); Daniel.frank@ucdenver.edu (DNF)
Affiliations Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America, University of Colorado Microbiome Research Consortium (MiRC), Aurora, CO, United States of America
- Laura L. Hammitt
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Contributed equally to this work with: Daniel N. Frank, Laura L. Hammitt
* E-mail: lhammitt@jhu.edu (LLH); Daniel.frank@ucdenver.edu (DNF)
Affiliations KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Centre for Geographic Medicine-Coast, Kilifi, Kenya, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
Competing Interests
The authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: Leah M. Faezel, Stephanie A. Santorico, Charles E. Robertson, Mahfudh Bashraheil declare no conflict of interest in publication of this study. J. Anthony G. Scott has received research funding from GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals and support for travel/accommodation at a meeting sponsored by Merck. Daniel N. Frank has received research funding from Pfizer Inc., and Laura L. Hammitt has received research funding from GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals and Pfizer Inc, and has participated in a Scientific Input Engagement For Merck. This does not alter the authors' adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: LLH JAGS DNF. Performed the experiments: LMF DNF. Analyzed the data: LLH DNF SAS CER LMF. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: DNF. Wrote the paper: LMF JAGS DNF LLH. Coordinated study and oversaw recruitment of participants: MB.